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What is Golf?
Golf is an outdoor sport in which a player attempts to hit a small, hard ball into a hole in as few swings as possible. Players hit the ball with one of several kinds of long, slender golf clubs. Golf is played on a course that normally is divided into 18 units, also called holes, of varying lengths and difficulty.
A hole includes (1) a teeing area, a clearing from which the ball is initially driven toward the actual hole, or cup; (2) a fairway, a long, closely mowed, and often angled lane; (3) a putting green, a smooth grassy area containing the hole; and (4) often one or more natural or artificial hazards (such as bunkers). Each hole has associated with it a par, or score standard, usually from par 3 to par 5.
The origins of the game of Golf are difficult to ascertain, although evidence now suggests that early forms of golf were played in the Netherlands first and then in Scotland. The courses were originally fields of grass that sheep had clipped short in their characteristic grazing style.
Golf balls were originally made of wood; wood was replaced in the 17th century by boiled feathers stuffed in a leather cover, in the 19th century by gutta-percha, and in the 20th century by hard rubber.
Golf clubs, limited in number to 14, are known by the traditional names of irons (primarily for mid-range to short shots) and woods (primarily for longer shots); today irons are more likely made of stainless steel, and the heads of woods are usually made of metal such as steel or titanium.
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